#IFP儿童的特点（ISFP/INFP）

IFP儿童特点 （内倾、情感、感知） Portrait of an IFP Child (Introverted Feeling Perceiving)

潜在优势 Potential Strengths

1. Deeply caring and empathic
   　深怀同情心
2. They're usually very kind and sweet
   　通常甜蜜而友好
3. Laidback and easygoing, they're not likely to create trouble
   　悠闲，随和，通常不惹麻烦
4. They adapt well to new situations, and welcome change
   　能很好地适应新环境，接受变化
5. They're usually relaxed, peaceful and unrushed
   　轻松惬意，不慌不忙
6. Usually extremely creative and artistic
   　通常极具创造力和美感
7. They are original and genuine
   　真实而独具个性
8. Take things seriously, and aren't likely to be frivolous
   　对待事情严肃而不轻浮
9. They need harmony, and can be good peacemakers
   　需要和谐，会是很好的调解者
10. They're faithful and devoted to people and causes
    　对人对事忠诚奉献
11. They're often quite faithful to their religion
    　通常忠于自己的信仰

潜在劣势 Potential Weaknesses

1. They're extremely sensitive and become hurt very easily
   　极度敏感，易被伤害
2. They cannot use logic well at a young age
   　小时候不能很好地应用逻辑
3. They don't really have a concept of time or schedules, so they are frequently late
   　没啥时间概念，经常迟到
4. May be reckless and irresponsible with money
   　可能花钱无度，大手大脚
5. Tendency to let negative thoughts build up inside them until it becomes an unhealthy situation
   　倾向于让消极的想法在心中不断构建扩大，直到发展为不健康的状况
6. They cannot see things objectively - they see everything from their own point of view
   　不能客观地看待事物——看一切事物都从自己的视角出发
7. If they feel rejected or unloved, they may become very depressed and moody
   　如果感到被拒绝或不被爱，会变得极度沮丧，郁郁寡欢
8. They are procrastinators and have trouble completing projects
   　拖拖拉拉，在完成任务上会有麻烦
9. They are so internally focused that they are sometimes completely unaware of how anyone else is feeling
   　过于关注内在，以至于有时对于周围的人完全无所觉察
10. They have difficulty expressing their deepest feelings, and are sometimes unaware of these feelings themselves
    　在表达自己最深的感情时有困难，有时甚至不能觉察到自己的这些感情
11. Although they care deeply about others, they are self-absorbed and so may be seen as selfish
    　尽管在内心深处很是关心他人，但又过于关注自己，可能被视为自私自利
12. They cannot take any kind of criticism, and will become defensive and emotional when criticised
    　经不起任何批评，被批评时会表现得极具防御性和情绪化
13. They don't like to make decisions, and will put it off as long as possible
    　不喜欢做决定，尽可能地延迟做决定的时间
14. They often view decisions with absolute finality, and don't realize that they can change their mind later
    　一旦决定，便将其视为“最终决定”，意识不到自己稍后仍可改变主意
15. They naturally move slowly doing things, which makes them sometimes appear lazy
    　做事慢条斯理，有时显得懒惰
16. They have trouble asserting themselves
    　难以坚持自我

IFP学习方式 IFP Learning Style

IFPs often are dreamy and imaginative children, and may seem to be off in their own world. They usually excel in the Humanities, such as English (Writing), Music, Art, and History. They will be interested in Science classes that have a clear human connection, such as Biology.
IFP儿童通常喜好梦想，想象力丰富，看似沉迷在自己的世界中。通常擅长人文学科，例如语文（作文）、音乐、艺术、历史。对于科学中与明显与人有关的科目（如生物学）会感兴趣。

IFPs will resist doing tasks that seem impersonal, for which they can't see how it affects the human element. Presenting sheerly logical tasks within the framework of how performing the task helps humans will help the IFP face the task more willingly. Logic is still not their strong point, so patience learning these kinds of tasks will have to be shown. Since they're not naturally logical and they don't naturally see the value of sheer logic, the IFP is at a disadvantage with these kinds of lessons.
IFP会抵制那些看上去缺少人情味儿的科目，因为他们看不出来这对人们到底有什么用。如果跟IFP说清楚纯粹逻辑的框架对人类的帮助，会让他们更乐于面对这一科。但逻辑仍是他们的弱项，在学习这科时得更有耐心才行。因为并不能自然地接受逻辑，也不容易看到纯粹逻辑的价值，IFP在这门功课上处于劣势。

IFPs have trouble making decisions about which project they want to do, or which class they want to take, etc. They are often fearful of making decisions because they think that they are final and unalterable, and they're afraid of making the wrong choice. IFP children should be helped to make these kinds of decisions on their own, and they should be supported and encouraged in the decisions that they make. Positive reinforcement will help the IFP to trust their decision-making abilities.
在选专业与选课程这类需要做决定的事情上，IFP会遇到麻烦。他们往往对做决定很是恐惧，因为他们认为决定就意味着是最终的和不可更改的，又生怕自己做了错误的选择。旁人应当在这类需要做决定的事上帮着IFP儿童，让他们学会自己做决定，并且得到鼓励和支持。积极的支持会帮助IFP更信任自己做决定的能力。

IFP children have trouble following through on projects. They may lose interest halfway through, and move onto the next exciting project. IFP children need to learn the value of finishing what they start. They will not finish all of their projects, but they can be expected to finish at least the larger, more important projects that they have begun. This should be encouraged with a reward system, rather than a punishment system. IFPs are often crushed by punishment and criticism.
IFP儿童在完成项目（作业）上会有麻烦，他们可能做到一半便兴趣缺缺，转而去做下一项令他们兴奋的项目。IFP儿童需要懂得慎始敬终的重要性。他们或许不能完成所有的项目，但至少可能完成大部分重要的，他们已经开始做的那些。在这里奖励制度，而不是惩罚制度会更能鼓励他们——通常IFP一被惩罚或批评就垮了。

IFP children are frequently scattered in their priorities, and dislike making decisions or commiting themselves to one particular idea. To combat this tendency, teachers and other adults should frequently tell IFP children to "pick one thing and do it well". Engraining this idea in the IFP's mind will offer a significant gift to the developing IFP, and the adult that they will become.
IFP的儿童经常分散精力，不喜欢做决定或是专注于某一件事上。为了纠正这种习惯，教师和其他成人应经常向IFP儿童强调“选择了一件事，就努力做好”。帮助IFP强化这一观念会对他们的成长极有助益，乃至会影响到他们的成年。

When giving constructive criticism or a poor grade to an IFP, also give some positive feedback so that the IFP is not frightened off from doing that type of task again in the future.
当批评IFP或者给他们打较低的分数时，同时也得给他们一些积极的回应，免得IFP一受打击，下次就不想做类似的任务了。

IFP的特殊需要 IFP Special Needs

The biggest stumbling block for IFP children (and for IFP adults) is their extreme sensitivity. IFP kids need to learn and understand that conflict is not something they should always take to heart. The IFP's opinion of himself or herself is largely influenced by other people's opinion of them. If the IFP feel unconditional love and acceptance, they are more likely to feel self-confident, and will be able to handle some criticism. However, IFP's will probably have a lifelong issue with feeling things passionately, and with taking any criticism completely to heart. When correcting an IFP, a parent should always include some positive comment about the IFP along with the negative. This will help the child to know that a specific criticism is not an indictment of their entire character.
IFP儿童（以及IFP成人）会遇到的最大的障碍就是他们自身极为敏感。IFP儿童得学着去明白，矛盾冲突不是他们总得放在心上的事儿。IFP的眼中的自我与旁人对他们的评价息息相关。如果IFP感到自己是无条件的被爱与接纳着的，他们可能会感到更加自信，更能经得起批评。然而，IFP可能终其一生都会对待事物太动感情，将所有的批评都往心里去。当纠正IFP时，家长始终要在批评他们的同时给他们一些积极评价。这将有助于让他们明白，特定的批评不等于对他们人格的全盘否定。

Their strong service-oriented attitide is in some ways very sweet and gratifying, but it also can create problems for the IFP child if they are more interested in pleasing people than in anything else. There will be situations presented to the child in which they will not be able to please everyone. The child needs to understand that it's sometimes OK to do something that might make someone else unhappy. They need to understand that if someone is unhappy with something that the IFP has done, that doesn't mean that they hate the IFP child. Avoiding making others upset or unhappy is an admirable goal, but it can't always be done.
IFP儿童强烈的奉献精神多少是甜蜜可人的，但也会给他们带来问题——如果和别的事比起来，他们对让别人高兴更感兴趣的话。他们会遇到的状况就是，不可能所有的人都满意他们。IFP儿童要知道，有时在正确的时间做某事也可能惹得某些人不高兴。他们同样得明白，如果某些人对他们做的某事不满意，也并不意味着那些人憎恨他们。想让别人不沮丧是个值得赞叹的目标，但在现实中并不总是行得通。

Parents and teachers of IFP kids should give positive feedback and affirmation as often as possible. Some Thinking adults often don't express love or admiration. They believe that their kids already know how they feel, so there's no need to say it over and over again. Feeling children need to hear this feedback. If an adult doesn't give them any feedback at all, this is often equal to negative feedback in the Feeling child's mind.
IFP儿童的家长和教师需要尽可能经常地给他们积极的回应与赞赏。有些思考型的成人经常不习惯表达自己的爱与欣赏，觉得孩子们已经知道他们的感觉了，没必要再喋喋不休。情感型的孩子需要听到这些回应，在他们的小脑袋里，往往没有消息就等于坏消息。

IFP kids should be encouraged to show some healthy assertiveness. They should be told that it's OK to express their opinions even if everyone won't agree with them, or if their opinions make someone unhappy. Encouraging your child to express their opinion, and then supporting and complimenting their behavior will help them to become more assertive. If you can't agree with the actual opinnion that they express, at least you can compliment them on the fact that they are asserting themselves. If your child has a problem with asserting himself or herself, you should NOT criticize the opinions that they express until they show that they are comfortable with asserting themselves.
IFP儿童应当被鼓励更加积极自信。他们应被告知，表达自己的想法——即使没人同意，或是让某人不悦——是可以接受的。鼓励他们表达自己的观点，并支持和赞赏他们的此类行为，这将会使得他们更加自信。即使你不能同意他们表达的观点，至少可以称赞他们敢于表达的勇气。如果你的孩子在表达自我上遇到问题，那么在他们能愉快地表达自我前，千万别批评他们的观点啊。

“缺失”的字母 The "Missing" Letter

Adult personality types contain four letters, while for kids aged 7-12 we use three letter types. What happened to the missing letter? It's there, we just can't usually determine what it is until after a person is 13 years old. IFP kids will grow up to be either ISFP "Artists" or INFP "Idealists". At this stage in their development, it's not obvious whether they will choose Intuition or Sensing to complement their Feeling function. You will see the child practicing both Intuition and Sensing as they settle down into their preferred function. In some children, it's possible to distinguish their "missing" letter, but for many kids we just have to wait a few years to be sure.
成年人的人格类型用四个字母来描述，与此同时对于7-12岁的孩童我们用三个字母来描述。那个缺失的字母是怎么回事儿？它在那儿，只是我们通常在13岁以前没法确定它到底是什么。IFP儿童会成长为ISFP（艺术家型）或INFP（梦想家型）。他们究竟会选择感觉或是直觉来辅助他们的情感倾向，在这个成长阶段并不明显。你会看到他们会反复地操练感觉与直觉功能，直至在更喜欢的那个功能上安顿下来。对有些孩子，我们可能会识别出他们“缺失”的字母，但大多数孩子还得等过些年才能确定。